Kur Banka Qendrore Turke t\u00eb mblidhet k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb enjte, nuk do t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00eb vet\u00ebm v\u00ebmendjen e brendshme. Tregjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare financiare dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit valutor i kan\u00eb syt\u00eb mbyllur nga vendi, nd\u00ebrsa presin me padurim konfirmimin se politik\u00ebb\u00ebr\u00ebsit e politik\u00ebs monetare dhe fiskale t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb po vijn\u00eb me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb n\u00eb vete.<\/p>\n
Q\u00eb kur presidenti Rexhep Tajip Erdogan solli p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb kabinetin e tij ish-ministrin e financave dhe bankierin e Merrill Lynch, Mehmet Simsek, dhe me bankieren amerikane Hafize Gaye Erkan si kreun e ri t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Qendrore t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb, ka pasur shenja n\u00eb rritje se Erdogan m\u00eb n\u00eb fund ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb drit\u00ebn jeshile p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kthes\u00eb politike.<\/p>\n
Presidenti i rizgjedhur kishte l\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb kuptohet vazhdimisht p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e nj\u00eb ndryshimi drejtimi dit\u00ebt e fundit. Por mosbesimi i investitor\u00ebve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb ndaj politikave t\u00eb padrejta ekonomike dhe financiare t\u00eb Erdoganit \u00ebsht\u00eb i thell\u00eb. Eksperti i tregjeve n\u00eb zhvillim, Timothy Ash i BlueBay Asset Management n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, i cili ka mbuluar gjer\u00ebsisht Turqin\u00eb p\u00ebr vite me rradh\u00eb, p\u00ebrmblodhi detyr\u00ebn e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr Simsek, Erkan dhe grupet e tyre n\u00eb nj\u00eb postim n\u00eb mes t\u00eb qershorit, duke theksuar se ata ishin t\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb\u00a0\u201cduke kuptuar se sa keq gj\u00ebrat jan\u00eb.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Ekonomia turke n\u00eb kriz\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme<\/strong> Vendi, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i varf\u00ebr n\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, tradicionalisht importon shum\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr mallra sesa eksporton dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye vuan nga nj\u00eb deficit i lart\u00eb i llogaris\u00eb korente. Nevojat aktuale p\u00ebr financim t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb vler\u00ebsohen n\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 200 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb (183 miliard\u00eb euro).<\/p>\n N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, borxhi komb\u00ebtar po rritet: n\u00eb kat\u00ebr muajt e par\u00eb t\u00eb 2023, deficiti i buxhetit publik shp\u00ebrtheu me 1870% nga viti n\u00eb vit, sipas llogaritjeve t\u00eb ekonomistit turk Tahsin Bakirtas. Familjet private jan\u00eb gjithashtu shum\u00eb t\u00eb borxhit n\u00eb nj\u00eb norm\u00eb prej rreth 180% t\u00eb prodhimit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm bruto t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb.<\/p>\n Sot, monedha komb\u00ebtare \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb hije e vetvetes s\u00eb saj t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme. Nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb lira kushtonte pak m\u00eb pak se \u20ac0.60 n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb 2008, kursi aktual i k\u00ebmbimit prej \u20ac0.04 \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak se gjysm\u00eb cent euro. Dhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb r\u00ebnies dramatike t\u00eb monedh\u00ebs, kostoja e importit t\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00ebve t\u00eb para dhe mallrave vazhdon t\u00eb rritet.<\/p>\n N\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb rritjen e normave t\u00eb interesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb frenuar inflacionin, si\u00e7 b\u00ebjn\u00eb bankat qendrore anemban\u00eb globit, Erdogan, i cili e p\u00ebrshkruan veten si nj\u00eb\u00a0\u201carmik t\u00eb normave t\u00eb interesit\u201d<\/em>, ka p\u00ebrdorur presion politik mbi bankier\u00ebt qendror\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur normat e interesit t\u00eb ul\u00ebta p\u00ebr vite me radh\u00eb, duke shkat\u00ebrruar financat e shtetit.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, shteti turk ka luftuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb q\u00ebndruar n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb. Rezervat e saj valutore jan\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb shteruara. Vet\u00ebm k\u00ebt\u00eb vit, banka qendrore ka djegur rreth 25 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb financuar nj\u00eb deficit t\u00eb madh llogarie dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur lir\u00ebn e dob\u00ebt. Kredit\u00eb tani kryesisht ofrohen nga bankat nga vendet islamike, si Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe.<\/p>\n N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, Turqia, e cila vuan nga mungesa e valut\u00ebs s\u00eb huaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvendosur nga kriza n\u00eb kriz\u00eb, e shoq\u00ebruar nga injeksionet financiare dhe rritja e kredive nga regjimet miq\u00ebsore si Katari dhe Rusia.<\/p>\n Var\u00ebsia nga shtetet e pasura t\u00eb Gjirit po rritet<\/strong> Sipas raportit, bankat per\u00ebndimore, si banka holandeze ING ose Deutsche Bank e Gjermanis\u00eb, pothuajse kan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjysmuar p\u00ebrfshirjen e tyre n\u00eb kredit\u00eb e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta nga bankat e huaja, t\u00eb ashtuquajturat kredi sindikale, krahasuar me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/p>\n Bankat nga shtetet e pasura t\u00eb Gjirit, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, kan\u00eb kat\u00ebrfishuar ekspozimin e tyre gjat\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs periudh\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, transaksionet e monedh\u00ebs, t\u00eb njohura si marr\u00ebveshje shk\u00ebmbimi valutor, n\u00eb shum\u00ebn prej rreth 20 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh jan\u00eb lidhur me Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe dhe Katarin vitet e fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb rimbushur zot\u00ebrimet pothuajse t\u00eb varf\u00ebruara t\u00eb valut\u00ebs s\u00eb huaj t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Qendrore Turke.<\/p>\n Sa serioz \u00ebsht\u00eb Erdogani?<\/strong> Ministri i ri i financave i Turqis\u00eb, Mehmet Simsek, t\u00eb cilin Erdogan e shkarkoi n\u00eb vitin 2018 p\u00ebr mosmarr\u00ebveshjet e politik\u00ebs fiskale, njoftoi disa dit\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb se vendi i tij do t\u2019i kthehej\u00a0\u201cbazave racionale\u201d<\/em>\u00a0n\u00eb politik\u00ebn ekonomike dhe fiskale. Erdogan madje foli koh\u00ebt e fundit p\u00ebr\u00a0\u201cmasa t\u00eb shpejta\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n \u201cPas diskutimeve t\u00eb ministrit ton\u00eb t\u00eb financave, ne pranuam se ai do t\u00eb marr\u00eb masa t\u00eb shpejta n\u00eb konsultim me Bank\u00ebn Qendrore,\u201d<\/em>\u00a0tha presidenti t\u00eb m\u00ebrkur\u00ebn e kaluar n\u00eb fluturimin e tij t\u00eb kthimit nga nj\u00eb vizit\u00eb n\u00eb Azerbajxhan, njoftuan mediat turke.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr v\u00ebzhguesit politik\u00eb, fjal\u00ebt e Erdogan sugjerojn\u00eb se ai i ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb ministrit t\u00eb tij t\u00eb financave dhe shefit t\u00eb ri t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Qendrore drit\u00ebn jeshile p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur normat e interesit.<\/p>\n Erdogan ka z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar vazhdimisht kreun e Bank\u00ebs Qendrore n\u00eb vitet e fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar politik\u00ebn e tij joortodokse t\u00eb parave t\u00eb lira dhe normave t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb interesit. Hafize Gaye Erkan \u00ebsht\u00eb tashm\u00eb guvernatorja e pest\u00eb e Bank\u00ebs Qendrore q\u00eb nga viti 2019.<\/p>\n Por sa i vendosur \u00ebsht\u00eb ish-bankieri i Goldman Sachs kur vjen puna p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthyer Turqin\u00eb nga nj\u00eb gremin\u00eb fiskale? Investitor\u00ebt dhe ekonomist\u00ebt nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb kan\u00eb theksuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur se Turqia duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa t\u00eb rris\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm normat e interesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb frenuar inflacionin e arratisur.<\/p>\n Politika e vjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb ende gati<\/strong> Kreu i ri i Bank\u00ebs Qendrore sjell me vete p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn n\u00eb menaxhimin e riskut nga SHBA. S\u00eb fundmi, 44-vje\u00e7ari Erkan punonte n\u00eb bank\u00ebn rajonale amerikane First Republic, e cila q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr nga JPMorgan Chase.<\/p>\n Erdogan d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb zbres\u00eb inflacionin nga niveli aktual prej rreth 40% n\u00eb nj\u00eb shif\u00ebr. Por ai gjithashtu synon t\u2019i p\u00ebrmbahet politik\u00ebs s\u00eb tij t\u00eb\u00a0\u201cinflacionit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt dhe normave t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb interesit\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n \u201cMe dasht\u00eb Zotin, as ministri yn\u00eb i financave dhe as guvernatori yn\u00eb i Bank\u00ebs Qendrore nuk do t\u00eb na v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb siklet\u201d<\/em>, tha Erdogan.\u00a0\u201cUn\u00eb mendoj se do t\u00eb arrijm\u00eb rezultate pozitive.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n V\u00ebzhguesit e huaj vun\u00eb re me interes se paraardh\u00ebsi i Erkanit n\u00eb krye t\u00eb bank\u00ebs, Sahap Kavcioglu, i cili kishte ulur normat e interesit n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me d\u00ebshirat e Erdoganit, u b\u00eb kreu i ri i rregullatorit bankar t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb. Prandaj, Erik Meyersson, shefi strateg i tregjeve n\u00eb zhvillim n\u00eb bank\u00ebn suedeze SEB, paralajm\u00ebroi se roli i ri i Kavcioglu do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se politika joortodokse e Erdoganit\u00a0\u201cmund t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb \u00e7do koh\u00eb\u201d<\/em>.\/Deutsche Welle<\/a>\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kur Banka Qendrore Turke t\u00eb mblidhet k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb enjte, nuk do t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00eb vet\u00ebm v\u00ebmendjen e brendshme. Tregjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare financiare dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit valutor i<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10165","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-indeks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10165","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10165"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10165\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indeks.bilten.mk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nP\u00ebr vite me radh\u00eb, ekonomia turke ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb kriz\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme. Inflacioni masiv prej gati 40%, q\u00eb nga maji 2023, ka ngr\u00ebn\u00eb fuqin\u00eb bler\u00ebse t\u00eb popullit turk. N\u00eb disa vende vitin e kaluar, norma e inflacionit u rrit n\u00eb mbi 80%. Dhe k\u00ebto jan\u00eb shifrat e statistikave t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat shum\u00eb ekspert\u00eb i shohin me dyshim.<\/p>\n
\nVet\u00ebm dy banka nga Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe \u2013 Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank dhe banka shtet\u00ebrore e Emirateve NBD nga Dubai \u2013 s\u00eb fundmi u dhan\u00eb bankave turke m\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjysm\u00ebn e huave t\u00eb nevojshme urgjentisht, sipas nj\u00eb raporti nga Bloomberg News.<\/p>\n
\nEkonomist\u00ebt n\u00eb JPMorgan Chase presin q\u00eb Banka Qendrore e Turqis\u00eb t\u00eb trefishoj\u00eb norm\u00ebn aktuale t\u00eb interesit prej 8.5% n\u00eb mbledhjen e saj t\u00eb ardhshme. Normat ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb rriten n\u00eb 25% m\u00eb 22 qershor, parashikuan bankier\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb raport t\u00eb fundit. Deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit, analist\u00ebt e JPMorgan presin madje q\u00eb normat e interesit t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb 30%.<\/p>\n
\nMasat shpesh befasuese dhe t\u00eb motivuara brenda vendit t\u00eb Erdoganit po i mbajn\u00eb gjithashtu m\u00ebnjan\u00eb investitor\u00ebt e huaj. Rregulloret afatshkurtra t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit valutor dhe detyrimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb biznes n\u00eb monedh\u00ebn vendase kan\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruar shum\u00eb besimin n\u00eb Turqi si nj\u00eb vend biznesi. Investimet e m\u00ebdha si nd\u00ebrtimi i nj\u00eb fabrike t\u00eb madhe montimi t\u00eb Volkswagenit jan\u00eb pezulluar prej vitesh.<\/p>\n